Set up a web app

Create a solution and add a Razor web application. I choose Razor for this example, as it easily demonstrates if everything works as expected.

mkdir HelloDocker
cd HelloDocker
dotnet new sln --name HelloDocker
dotnet new webapp --name HelloDocker.Web
dotnet sln add HelloDocker.Web
cd HelloDocker.Web
dotnet user-secrets init
dotnet user-secrets set some_token "token from user secrets"
dotnet run .

I now slightly modify the Index page model to retrieve the secret. This could be an authentication token for example. Later I show how to set the secret as an environment variable when running the container, locally and on Azure.

public class IndexModel : PageModel
{
    private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;

    public IndexModel(IConfiguration configuration) => _configuration = configuration;

    public string SomeToken => _configuration.GetValue<string>("some_token") ?? string.Empty;
}

And the view:

@page
@model IndexModel
@{
    ViewData["Title"] = "Home page";
}

<div class="text-center">
    <h1 class="display-4">Hello Docker!</h1>
    <p>Some token: @Model.SomeToken</p>
</div>

And finally the relevant section from the Index page:

Build the container

Most of the documentation from this section is from Containerize an app with dotnet publish.

First add the containers build package as a reference to the web project:

dotnet add package Microsoft.NET.Build.Containers

Then configure the container properties in HelloDocker.Web.csproj (add the bold properties):

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">

  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>net7.0</TargetFramework>
    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
    <UserSecretsId>bf8f7cf6-5186-46b2-bb5b-26b5fbf79806</UserSecretsId>
    <ContainerImageName>hello-docker</ContainerImageName>
    <ContainerImageTag>1.0.1</ContainerImageTag>
  </PropertyGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Build.Containers" Version="0.3.2" />
  </ItemGroup>

</Project>

Now build the container. It will be published to Docker Desktop:

dotnet publish --os linux --arch x64 -p:PublishProfile=DefaultContainer -c Release

Run the container locally

Now to run the container locally. Notice that I only pass the token as an environment variable when running the container. That means that I can set a different key for a different environment. I don't need to modify the image.

docker run -dp 8081:80 -e "some_token=secret from docker" hello-docker:1.0.1

The running container now looks like this:

Publish the container to Azure

First create an Azure container registry in the Azure portal. Login to the container registry from the Docker command-line:

docker login mycontainerregistry.azurecr.io

Prefix/tag the image with the registry login URI so it can be pushed:

docker tag hello-docker:1.0.1 mycontainerregistry.azurecr.io/hello-docker:1.0.1

And finally push the image to Azure:

docker push mycontainerregistry.azurecr.io/hello-docker:1.0.1

The image is now available in Azure:

Run the container as an app service

When creating an app service, you can select Docker image as the source and in the next step select the Azure container registry as source:

Once the application is loaded, the only thing left to do is set the token as an application setting. The app now works as expected and is running on HTTPS:

Getting started with .NET and Docker on Azure

Set up a web app

Build the container

Run the container locally

Publish the container to Azure

Run the container as an app service