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From Bill Gates, How to Avoid a Climate Disaster List of Useful Questions/Charts How much greenhouse gas is emitted by the things we do? ⁃ Making things (cement, steel, plastic) 31% ⁃ Plugging in (electricity) 27% ⁃ Growing things (plants, animals) 19% ⁃ Getting around (planes, trucks, cargo ships) 16% ⁃ Keeping warm and cool (heating, cooling, refrigeration) 7% How much power does it take? ⁃ The world 5,000 gigawatts ⁃ The United States 1,000 gigawatts ⁃ Mid-size city 1 gigawatt ⁃ Small town 1 megawatt ⁃ Average American house 1 kilowatt How much power can we generate per square meter? Energy source Watts per square meter ⁃ Fossil fuels 500–10,000 ⁃ Nuclear 500–1,000 ⁃ Solar* 5–20 ⁃ Hydropower (dams) 5–50 ⁃ Wind 1–2 ⁃ Wood and other biomass Less than 1